General
Clinton and General Burgoyne commanded a battery of 28 pound cannons here
during the battle on Breed's
Hill (now known as the
Battle of Bunker Hill).The high
location would have allowed them to fire on the entrenchments on the hill,
while General Howe led the troops in the attack farther to the east.Some of the tombstones in the cemetery were
fired upon and bear the marks of musket balls.The most famous of these is that of Captain Daniel Malcolm whose epitaph
calls him a "true son of liberty."The
gravestone is mentioned in Oliver Wendell Holme's poem, "Grandmother's Story of
Bunker Hill (As She Saw it From the Belfry)".
Map by Benson Lossing showing the battery on Copp’s Hill and the landing site on Moulton’s Hill.
Daniel Malcom's Tombstone
Prince
Hall was freed by his master in 1770 after 21 years of slavery.Five years later, he applied to become a member of the
Freemason's in Boston, but was refused.However, the British granted what the Americans had denied; he and 14
other free black men were accepted by a lodge attached to the 38th
foot regiment on March 6, 1775.He thus became the
founder and master of the world's first black Masonic Lodge.
His sentiments about
the revolution were likely similar to those of Abigail Adams -
I
wish most sincerely there was not a slave in this province.It always appeared a most iniquitous scheme
to me - to fight for ourselves for what we are daily robbing and plundering
from those who have as good a right to freedom as we have. (Letter dated Sept24, 1774)
Some sons of "liberty" and enemies of tyranny could not see the irony in the demands of
colonists to maintain the institution of slavery.African Americans remaining loyal to the
Crown were offered their freedom and many were transported abroad after the war
(in spite of American demands to have them returned to their "masters").Prince Hall remained in Boston and became a noted activist for the rights of African
Americans.He was instrumental in
abolishing slavery in Massachusetts in 1788.A monument
to him stands in the Copp's HillCemetery.